配置

开启root权限

1. 设置root密码，需牢记

   sudo passwd root

2. 修改 50-ubuntu.conf 文件

   sudo gedit /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf

   # 文件末尾新增
   greeter-show-manual-login=true
   all-guest=false
   

3. 修改 gdm-autologin 文件

   sudo gedit /etc/pam.d/gdm-autologin

   # 注释掉以下内容
   # auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success
   

4. 修改 gdm-password 文件

   sudo gedit /etc/pam.d/gdm-password

   # 注释掉以下内容
   # auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success
   

5. 修改 /root/.profile 文件

   sudo gedit /root/.profile

   # 修改 mesg n 2> /dev/null || true 为以下内容
   #mesg n 2> /dev/null || true
   tty -s && mesg n || true
   

6. 重启系统，以root用户登录即可

阿里源下载配置

ubuntu阿里源地址：https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu

1. 备份原来的配置文件

   cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

2. 替换 sources.list 内容

   gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

   #替换以下内容，以ubuntu20.4为例子，其它的版本参照阿里源官网地址
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
   
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
   
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   
   # deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   # deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   
   deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   

3. 更新 apt 源和服务

   apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y

安装VM-Tools

1. 如果使用的是VMware虚拟机，建议安装

   apt-get install -y open-vm-tools

   apt-get install -y open-vm-tools-desktop

开启SSH连接服务

1. 安装 ssh-server

   apt-get install -y openssh-server

2. 修改 sshd_config 文件

   vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

   # 修改 #PermitRootLogin prohibit-password 为以下内容
   PermitRootLogin yes
   

3. 重启ssh服务

   service ssh restart

配置静态网络

1. 安装 net-tools，用于查看网络信息

   apt-get install -y net-tools

2. 使用 ifconfig 查看网卡名称

3. 配置 01-network-manager-all.yaml 文件

   vim /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

   network:
     ethernets:
       ens33:
         dhcp4: false
         addresses: [192.168.58.10/24]
         gateway4: 192.168.58.2
         nameservers:
           addresses: [192.168.58.2]
     version: 2
     renderer: NetworkManager
   

4. 重启网卡服务

   netplan apply